¡Government Structure & Functioning in Pakistan
¡Presentation by:
¡Farooq Abdullah
https://www.facebook.com/farooqabdullah4u
https://www.facebook.com/farooqabdullah4u
1st Pillar-
Legislature (Bi-cameral)
¡National Assembly
¡Senate of Pakistan
¡President of Pakistan
¡1st
pillar- Legislature
¡i- National Assembly
Qualifications for membership of NA
Most importantly:
¡Should not be less than twenty- five years of age and should be
enrolled as a voter in any electoral roll;
¡Should be of good character and not commonly known as
one who violates Islamic Injunctions;
¡Should have adequate knowledge of Islamic teachings and
practices obligatory duties prescribed by Islam as well as should abstain from major sins;
¡Should be sagacious, righteous, non-profligate, honest
and ameen, there being no
declaration to the contrary by a court of law; and
¡National Assembly
¡ 272 directly elected members through
adult franchise
¡ 70 reserved
seats for women and religious
minorities (allocated
to the political parties according to their proportional representation)
¡
Total of 342
members who are referred to as Members of the
National Assembly
(MNAs).¡Composition of NA
¡Current Party breakdown of NA
¡Functions of National Assembly
i. Law making body, including amendments in the
Constitution;
ii. Elects the leader of the house/ Prime
Minister;
iii. Elects the
leader of the opposition
iv. Reposes vote
of confidence in the elected Prime Minister;
v. Passes
vote of ‘No Confidence’ against the PM;
vi. Elects the President as part of the electoral
college;
vii. Is part of the executive as Ministers, MOS,
etc;
viii. Is part of
the Public Accounts Committee;
ix. Is part of the
Committee to select and recommend judges, Chairman NAB and CEC;
x. Gets funds for
local Union Council development works ;
ii- Senate
¡Composition of Senate
¡Purpose of Senate
• Equal provincial membership in the Senate, thus, balances the provincial inequality in the National Assembly;
• To promote national cohesion and harmony and to alleviate fears of the smaller provinces regarding domination by any one province because of its majority, in the National Assembly.
• To give equal representation to all the federating units;
• Equal provincial membership in the Senate, thus, balances the provincial inequality in the National Assembly;
• To promote national cohesion and harmony and to alleviate fears of the smaller provinces regarding domination by any one province because of its majority, in the National Assembly.
¡Electoral College for Senate
¡Senate elections take place in accordance with Article
59 of the Constitution.
¡Members of the Senate are indirectly elected by the
provincial assemblies.
¡The term of its members is 6 years. However,
one-half of its members retire after every 3 years.
¡A person seeking election to the Senate should not be
less than 30 years of age¡Party break down in the Senate
¡Functions of NA
1.Law making
2.Electing President (part of electoral college for
President)
3.Votes for electing the Prime Minister of Pakistan
4.Vote of confidence for PM
5.Vote of no confidence for PM
6.Public policy making authority
7.Implementation of policies through federal cabinet
8.Passing of financial bill (budget)
9.Accountability through public accounts committee
10.Allocation of funds for local councils/municipalities
¡iii- President
¡Electoral College for the President
¡According to article 41(3) of the 1973 Constitution
of Pakistan, the electoral college consists of the Senate,
the National Assembly of Pakistan, and the Members of the Provincial
Assemblies.
¡The President of Pakistan (صدر
مملکت پاکستان
—is the
designated figurehead and ceremonial head of state of
the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.¡2nd pillar- The Executive
¡Pakistan has a parliamentary
democratic system of government, where the Prime Minister is the
chief executive authority.
¡The Prime Minister of Pakistan is the head of government of Pakistan, the country's
Chief Executive (CE).
¡
¡Electoral College for
the PM
¡The Prime Minister is elected by the
people-elected National Assembly, members of which are elected
by popular vote.
¡
¡The leader of the majority party or coalition becomes
the Prime Minister.
¡Functions of PM
The Prime
Minister has strong constitutional position and has following functions:
¡ PM is the Chief Executive of the Federation. In the
performance of his functions the Prime Minster can act either directly or
through the Federal Ministers.
¡He is the Supreme Commander of the Armed forces and appoints the chiefs of Pak Army, Pak Air
Force and Pak Navy;
¡Is the Chief Advisor
to the President. The Prime
Minister keeps the President informed on all matters of internal and foreign
policy and on all legislative proposals.
¡Is responsible for the smooth running of the affairs of
the country.
¡Responsible for the defense of the country.
¡He is the leader of the House (NA) and elected for a
term of 5
years.
¡PM can ask the President to dissolve the National
Assembly.
¡Can be removed from his office by passing a resolution
of vote
of no confidence against
him.
¡Federal Govt. organogram
¡Federal Ministers (20
Nos.)
Federal Ministers can be appointed from NA or the Senate
of Pakistan but Ministers from the Senate can not exceed one-fourth of the
number of Federal Ministers;
Total strength of the Cabinet, including
Ministers of State, shall not exceed eleven percent of the total membership of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) meaning
11% of
342+104= 446 i.e. 49:
¡Mr. Akram Khan Durrani
¡Mr. Abbas Khan Afridi
Textile
Industry
¡Engr. Khurram Dastgir Khan
Commerce
¡Rana Tanveer Hussain
Minister for
Defense Production
¡Mr. Muhammad Ishaq
Dar
Minister for
Finance, Revenue, Economic
Affairs and
Statistics
¡Khawaja
Muhammad Asif
Minister
for Water and Power &
Minister for
Defense
¡ Mr. Pervaiz Rashid
Minister
for Information, Broadcasting and National
Heritage
& Minister for Law, Justice and Human Rights
¡Mr. Ghulam Murtaza Khan Jatoi
Minister for
Industries and Production
¡Mr. Riaz Hussain Pirzada
Minister
for Inter-Provincial Coordination
¡Chaudhry Nisar Ali Khan
Minister
for Interior and Narcotics Control
¡Mr. Mushahid ullah
Minister
for Climate Change
¡Mr. Muhammad Barjees Tahir
Minister for
Kashmir Affairs and Gilgit-Baltistan
¡Pir Syed Sadaruddin Shah Rashidi
Minister for
Overseas Pakistanis and Human
Resource
Development
¡Mr.Shahid Khaqan Abbasi
Minister for
Petroleum and Natural Resources
¡Mr. Ahsan Iqbal
Minister for
Planning and Development
¡Mr. Kamran Machael
Minister for
Ports and Shipping
¡Khawaja Saad Rafique
Minister for
Railways
¡Sardar
Muhammad Yousaf
Minister
for Religious Affairs and Inter-faith Harmony
¡Rana Tanveer Hussain
Minister for Science and Technology(COMSATS)
¡Lt. General (Retd)
Abdul Qadir Baloch
Minister
for States and Frontier Regions
¡Mr. Sikandar Hayat Khan Bosan
Minister
for National Food Security and Research
¡ Ministers of State
¡Molana
Abdul Ghafoor Haideri
Minister of
State for Privatization &
Minister of
State for Commerce and Textile Industry
¡Mr. Muhammad Baligh
Ur Rehman
Minister of
State for Education, Trainings and Standards in Higher Education,
& Minister of State for Interior and Narcotics Control
¡Mr. Usman Ibrahim
Minister
for State for Housing and Works
¡ Mrs. Anusha Rahman Ahmad Khan
Minister
for State for Information Technology and
Telecommunication
¡Mrs. Saira Afzal Tarar
Minister
of State for National Health Services, Regulations and Coordination
¡Sheikh Aftab Ahmed
Minister of
State for Parliamentary Affairs
¡ Mr. Jam Kamal
Khan
Minister
of State for Petroleum and Natural Resources
¡ Mr. Abdul Hakeem Baloch
Minister
of State for Railways
¡ Pir Muhammad Amin Ul Hasnat Shah
Minister
of State for Religious Affairs and Inter-faith Harmony
§ Mr. Abid Sher Ali
Minister of
State Water and Power
¡Advisors to PM
The
President may, on the advice of the Prime Minister, appoint not more than five
advisers, on such terms and conditions as he may determine.
Presently
there are the following Advisors:
1.Mr. Musadiq Malik
2.Engr. Amir Muqam
3.Mr. Sartaj Aziz on National
Security with the additional responsibility of Foreign Affairs
¡ Special Assistants
¡Mr. Imtiaz Ahmed Shaikh
Special
Assistant to the Prime Minister
¡ Mr. Miftah Ismail
Special
Assistant to the Prime Minister
¡Mr. Tariq Fatimi
Special
Assistant to the Prime Minister on Foreign Affairs with the status of Minister
of State
¡Khawaja Zaheer Ahmed
Advocate
High court and Special Assistant to the Prime Minister with status of Minister
of state
¡Dr. Musadik Malik
Special
Assistant to the Prime Minister with the status of Minister of state
¡Mr. Imtiaz Ahmed Shaikh
Special
Assistant to the Prime Minister with the status of Minister of state
¡Mr. Miftah Ismail
Special
Assistant to the Prime Minister /chairman, Board of Investment
¡Capt. Shujaat Azim
Special
Assistant to the Prime Minister on Aviation (on honorary basis)
¡Mr. Irfan Siddiqui
Special
Assistant to the Prime Minister on National Affairs with the status of Federal
Minister
¡Barrister Zafarullah
Khan
Special
Assistant to the Prime Minister on Parliamentary Affairs
¡
¡3rd
Pillar - Judiciary
¡Purpose of Judicial System
¡The purpose of the legal system is to provide a system
for interpreting and enforcing the laws.
¡The purpose of a legal system is to provide a
systematic, orderly, and predictable mechanism for resolving disagreements
¡
¡ The Judiciary
¡Supreme Court of Pakistan
¡Federal Shariat Court
¡High Courts in Provinces & Islamabad
¡Session Courts
¡District Courts
¡Special Tribunals and Boards
¡Supreme Court of
Pakistan
¡The Supreme Court of Pakistan ( عدالت
عظمیٰ پاکستان; ) is the apex
court in the judicial hierarchy of Pakistan, the final
arbiter of legal and constitutional disputes.
¡
¡The Supreme Court has a permanent seat
in Islamabad.
¡
¡It also has a number of Branch Registries where cases
are heard.
¡Supreme Court Judges
¡The Supreme Court is made up of a chief
justice and a number of judges who are nominated by the President after
consulting the Prime minister.
¡Once appointed judges up to 65 yrs of age and then
retire, unless they are removed by the Supreme Judicial Council after receiving a
presidential reference regarding misconduct .
¡Supreme Court of Pakistan
Structure
¡1 Chief justice + 16 permanent judges+2 ad-hoc judges
¡Appointment of Supreme Court Judges
¡The Supreme Court is
at the apex of the judicial systems of Pakistan.
¡The Chief Justice of
Pakistan is appointed by the President. Other Judges are also appointed by the
President after consultation with the Chief Justice.
¡A person is eligible
to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court if he is a citizen of Pakistan
and has been a Judge of a High Court for five years or an advocate of a High
Court for fifteen years.
¡ The Chief Justice
and Judges of the Supreme Court hold office until the age of sixty-five.
¡Functions of Supreme Court
¡It is the Court of ultimate appeal and therefore final
arbiter of law and the Constitution. Its decisions are binding on all other
courts .
¡The Supreme Court has the explicit power to block the
exercise of certain Presidential reserve powers. For example, under Article 58,
the President may dismiss the National Assembly (triggering new elections) but
the dismissal is subject to Supreme Court approval
¡The Court also has the power to overturn presidential
orders and parliamentary legislation by declaring such orders or laws to be
unconstitutional.
The Supreme Court is also a custodian and upholder of citizens’ rights, liberties and freedoms. The Court has been given a very significant role of protecting the Fundamental Rights of citizens. For this purpose under article 184(3), the Supreme Court is empowered to take action, if it considers that a question of public importance with reference to enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights conferred by the Constitution is involved.
The Supreme Court is also a custodian and upholder of citizens’ rights, liberties and freedoms. The Court has been given a very significant role of protecting the Fundamental Rights of citizens. For this purpose under article 184(3), the Supreme Court is empowered to take action, if it considers that a question of public importance with reference to enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights conferred by the Constitution is involved.
¡Federal Shariyat Court
¡Function
¡The Court, on its own motion or through petition by a
citizen or a government (Federal or provincial), may examine and determine as
to whether or not a certain provision of law is repugnant to the Injunctions of
Islam.
¡Appeal against its decision lies to the Shariat Appellate Bench of
the Supreme Court, consisting of 3 Muslim Judges of the Supreme Court and not
more than 2 Ulema, appointed by the
President.
¡High Court
¡
Function:
Function:
¡The Court exercises original jurisdiction in the
enforcement of Fundamental Rights and appellate jurisdiction in
judgments/orders of the subordinate courts in civil and criminal matters.
¡Islamabad High Court
¡Provincial High
Courts
¡Sindh
High Court
¡Punjab High Court
¡Balochistan High Court
¡NWFP High Court
¡Subordinate Judiciary
¡Alternative Courts/Legal System
¡Supreme Judicial
Council
¡4th
pillar- Media
Thank you
